国际货币基金组织称全球通货膨胀严重,经济增速可能放缓

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High Inflation Darkens Global Economic Outlook



WASHINGTON—Policy makers around the world see rising risks that the global economic slowdown could turn into a steeper slump due to strong inflation, high energy costs and climbing interest rates.世界各地的政策制定者看到，由于通货膨胀加剧、能源成本高昂和利率攀升，全球经济放缓可能演变为更大幅度的衰退的风险越来越大。Another bad U.S. inflation report last week is likely to keep the Federal Reserve lifting interest rates at a rapid clip. That could help spur the U.S. dollar higher, further elevating the cost of imports and debt service for many countries. Key energy producers are crimping supply, feeding price pressures and slowing economic activity, particularly in Europe. New data from China showed consumer spending falling sharply, another sign of cooling economic growth. 上周另一份糟糕的美国通胀报告可能会使美联储（Fed）迅速加息。这可能有助于刺激美国走高，进一步提高许多国家的进口成本和偿债成本。主要能源生产商正在限制供应，加剧价格压力，减缓经济活动，尤其是在欧洲。来自中国的新数据显示，消费者支出急剧下降，这是经济增长放缓的另一个迹象。“The worst is yet to come,” said International Monetary Fund Managing Director Kristalina Georgieva at a Thursday briefing, as finance officials gathered in Washington for meetings hosted by the IMF and the World Bank. “Across many economies, recession risks are rising.”“最糟糕的情况尚未到来”，国际货币基金组织（IMF）总裁克里斯塔利娜·格奥尔基耶娃（Kristalina Georgieva）周四在美国华盛顿举行的一次简报会上表示：“在许多经济体中，衰退风险正在上升。”


Economies representing more than a third of global output will contract next year, while the world’s three largest economies—the U.S., the European Union and China—will essentially stall, the IMF forecasts. Overall, the fund projects 2.7% growth in 2023, down from 3.2% this year.国际货币基金组织预测，占全球产出三分之一以上的经济体明年将收缩，而世界三大经济体美国、欧盟和中国将基本停滞。总体而言，该组织预计2023年将增长2.7%，低于今年的3.2%。“The situation is worse than during Covid-19,” Mohamed Maait, the Egyptian finance minister, said Wednesday on a panel hosted by the Center for Global Development.埃及财政部长穆罕默德·马艾（Mohamed Maait）周三在全球发展中心（Center for Global Development）主办的一个小组会议上表示：“情况比新冠肺炎期间更糟”。Many of the policy makers at the meetings see high U.S. inflation and the Fed’s response as a central threat to their own economic prospects.与会的许多决策者认为，美国的高通胀和美联储的应对措施是对本国经济前景的核心威胁。The U.S. consumer-price index rose 8.2% in September from a year earlier, with core prices—which exclude volatile food and energy prices—rising 6.6%. That was the fastest rate in four decades, a sign of strong underlying price pressures.9月份美国消费者价格指数同比上涨8.2%，核心价格（不包括波动性食品和能源价格）上涨6.6%。这是40年来最快的增长率，表明潜在价格压力很大。The core-CPI reading likely keeps the Fed on track to raise its benchmark interest rate by 0.75 percentage point next month. The report heightens the risk officials will delay a slowdown in rate increases.核心消费者物价指数可能会使美联储在下月将基准利率上调0.75个百分点。这份报告加剧了官员们推迟加息放缓的风险。

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作者：日知英语教室