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IMF projects Japan's GDP to fall toworld's 4th in 2023 after Germany
国际货币基金组织预测，日本2023年GDP将跌至全球第四，被德国反超
WASHINGTON (Kyodo) -- Japan's nominal gross domestic product in2023 is expected to slip from third to fourth in the world on a U.S. dollarbasis, to be overtaken by Germany, on the back of the yen's depreciation,recent International Monetary Fund projections showed.
华盛顿(共同社)——国际货币基金组织(IMF)最近预测，在日元贬值的影响下，按美元计算，日本2023年的名义国内生产总值(GDP)预计将从世界第三位跌至第四位，被德国反超。
While Japan is expected to be the world's fifth-largest economybetween 2026 and 2028, India's GDP is projected to rank fourth in 2026 andthird in 2027.
预计日本将在2026年至2028年期间成为世界第五大经济体，而印度的GDP预计将在2026年排名第四，到2027年排名第三。
In 1968, Japan eclipsed West Germany in terms of gross nationalproduct, also known as GNP, which was the main indicator at the time, andbecame the world's second-largest economy after the United States.
1968年，日本在国民生产总值（GNP）方面超过了西德，成为仅次于美国的世界第二大经济体，GNP是当时的主要指标。
Japan held the position until it was overtaken by China in 2010,falling to third place.
直到2010年，日本被中国超越，跌至第三，在此之前，日本一直保持着这一位置。
Regardless of foreign exchange rates, which have a significantinfluence on GDP, Japan has seen a long period of low growth. Germany'spopulation is about two-thirds of Japan's, but the growth gap between the twocountries has been narrowing in recent years.
无论汇率如何变化，都对GDP有重大影响，日本处于长期的低增长阶段。德国人口约为日本的三分之二，但近年来两国之间的增长差距一直在缩小。
The dollar has recently traded at around 150 yen, compared withan average in the mid-131 yen range as traded during Tokyo market hours in2022, according to Bank of Japan data. The yen's sharp fall has been driven bythe prospect of a further widening in the interest rate difference betweenJapan and the United States.
根据日本银行的数据，最近美元兑日元汇率约为150日元，而2022年东京市场交易时段平均在131日元的中值区间交易。日元的大幅下跌是由于日本和美国之间的利率差进一步扩大的预期所推动的。
Meanwhile, the exchange rate of the euro against the dollar hasnot changed as much as the yen.
与此同时，欧元兑美元汇率的变化的程度不及日元。
1. IMF abbr. 国际货币基金组织internationalmonetary fund的缩写
2. nominal /ˈnɒmɪn(ə)l/ n.名义上的
Nominal GDP名义GDP，是指以现行市场价格计算的既定时期国内总产品和服务的价格总和，与之对应的是实际GDP（real GDP），指在相同的价格或货币值保持不变的条件下，不同时期所生产的全部产出的实际值。
Inflation would be lower and so nominal rates would bemore attractive in real terms.
通货膨胀将要降低，所以名义汇率实际上会更有吸引力。
3. slip /slɪp/v.下降
Shares slipped to $1.17.
股票下跌至$1.17。
In June, producer prices slipped 0.1% from May.
六月份，生产商的价格从五月份下降了0.1%。
4. depreciation /dɪˌpriːʃiˈeɪʃn/n.贬值
Foreign currency depreciation is a result of economic depressionin the country concerned.
外汇贬值是有关国家经济不景气的结果。
5.eclipse /ɪˈklɪps/v.使黯然失色
The new technology has eclipsed the old one, making it obsolete.
新技术使得旧技术黯然失色，变得过时。
The stunning sunset eclipsed the beauty of the surrounding landscape.
美丽的日落使周围的风景黯然失色。
【小词妙用】
see
v. If a period of time or a person sees aparticular change or event, it takes place during that period of time or whilethat person is alive. 历经了……; 取得了……（的发展）
当我们想表达“经历某事”“取得了……发展时，一般想到的是undergo, experience，但是有时用see这个词语能更好地表达出效果。
区别：
undergo: 强调经历或忍受某事，通常暗示经历了一个过程或变化，多指不愉快的事。
例：New recruits have been undergoing training in recent weeks.
新兵们最近几周一直在接受训练。
experience: 使用范围较广，描述个人遭遇、事件或情况的经历。
例：We had never experienced this kind of holiday before and had noidea what to expect.
我们以前从未经历过这种假期，不知道有什么可期待的。
see: 可以用来描述处于某种特定情况或状态的经历。
例：Yesterday saw the resignation of the chief financialofficer.
昨天，首席财政长官辞职了。
我们来造个句子比较一下：
印度在过去一个世纪中经历了人口的显著增长。
①India has undergone a significant increase in its population inthe last century.
②India has experienced a significant increase in its populationin the last century.
③India has seen a significant increase in its population in thelast century.
经过比较，马上就能看出只有用see才能更好地表达出原文的意思。
原文链接：
https://mainichi.jp/english/articles/20231024/p2g/00m/0bu/001000c
作者：格菱兰英语 |
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发表于 2023-11-2 17:55:36